The Press
Christchurch, New Zealand.

June 26 1974.

Need for more information

The views expressed so far about day-care centres seem to have been polarised into black and white, says Dr Karen Zelas, a child psychiatrist.

“This has been contributed to, I think, by reporting in ‘The Press’.” she said in a statement yesterday.  She was replying to a comment made by Mrs Doris Kerrisk for the National Organisation of Women on June 21.  Mrs Kerrisk was then commenting on an interview with Dr Zelas, published on June 10, on day-care centres.

“The situations in which I think that day-care centres can make a useful contribution to the community were not all included in the report of the interview with me,” Dr Zelas said.  “It is necessary that people should be well informed about the advantages and the disadvantages in order that appropriate decisions can be made both at a community and an individual level.”

“One of the risks of a failure in this is that it could become fashionable for mothers to leave their infants and young children in day-care centres while they go to work, perhaps even under the illusion that this is a better way of bringing up children.”


Different

“It must be noted, too, that the requirements of the infant are very different from those of the pre-school child, a distinction which is often overlooked.  The attributes of day-care centres emphasised by N.O.W. are inappropriate when one considers the needs of a baby or a toddler, which comprise predominantly an intimate, secure, loving relationship with one mothering person who is available when needed and who learns to understand, respond appropriately to and to stimulate the communication of the infant, giving him a secure base from which to explore his world.  With these things in mind, I fail to see how any day-care centre for children under two years can be “ideal” as stated by the spokeswoman for N.O.W.”

“Unfortunately, there is a small proportion of women who are unable to provide good enough mothering care their infants require, either because of their own complex feelings about their children and themselves or because, for economic reasons, it is essential for them to work to support their families,” said Dr Zelas.


Helpful

“In these situations a good day-care centre can be helpful.  There are times when such a provision can give a relatively stable and predictable experience, as well as a degree of supervision, for a small child in an otherwise  disorganised and barren environment.  At other times it may enable a family unit to remain intact.”

“What a day-care centre can provide here is still not in itself ‘ideal’ but it may be better than the alternatives.”

“It is still possible very often to find women who are sufficiently contented and secure in their role as a mother to be able to care for a few other children of differing ages in their own homes.”

“I, too, think that they do a very good job.  But we must distinguish the quality of care that such women are able to give from that provided in the much more impersonal setting of a day-care centre.  Adoptive and long-term foster mothers are, to all intents and purposes, the child’s ‘mother’ and an intimate attachment develops between them.”

“And I find it a great pity that women should be encouraged to think that they can only be a ‘person’ if they are employed outside their homes.  It is the popularisation of this attitude which contribute to the frustration and dissatisfaction of some women, fortunately still a minority.

“In my opinion, there is a place for day-care centres in the community but their limitations and potentially detrimental effects must be recognised and as many steps as possible taken to minimise these.”

Mothers should be welcome in centres and one of the aims should be to try to foster the relationship between mother and child where this deficient, to help the two come together, not to further alienate the mother by leading her to believe that the day-care mother can succeed with her child where she herself cannot.”

“Every opportunity should be made by employers to assist women to return to their careers, usually on a part-time basis, one the valuable job of guiding their children through their early years has been completed.” said Dr Zelas.